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Monday, July 30, 2007

A pesar de los esfuerzos de Washington, TV Martí no llega a Cuba

A pesar de los esfuerzos de Washington, TV Martí no llega a Cuba

Los críticos del canal afirman que es parcial, mal administrado, con
frecuencia aburrido y está en sintonía con los puntos de vista del
sector más radical del exilio.

Agencias

lunes 30 de julio de 2007 17:16:00

Aunque hace diez meses el gobierno estadounidense inició nuevos
esfuerzos para enviar señales de televisión a Cuba esquivando la
interferencia de La Habana, emigrantes cubanos llegados recientemente a
Florida afirman que TV Martí sigue siendo difícil de captar en la Isla,
informó la AP.

El mes pasado circuló el borrador de un informe del Departamento de
Estado, según el cual el empleo de un avión en la zona del Golfo de
México había sido "el mejor ejercicio" para vencer la interferencia
cubana y el costo inicial, de 10 millones de dólares, había resultado
una "inversión importante", pero que parecía "estar dando sus frutos" ya
que la teleaudiencia de TV Martí en la Isla estaba incrementándose.

Sin embargo, más de una veintena cubanos que llegaron recientemente a
Florida presentaron un panorama diferente. De acuerdo con la AP, los
emigrantes dijeron que, si bien Radio Martí se escucha en toda la Isla,
la TV Martí puede verse pocas veces.

"La vi un día de clima muy bueno, pero aún así casi no se veía", dijo
Efraín Ramos, un cubano de 56 años que llegó a la Florida el 29 de junio
desde La Habana.

El funcionamiento de la televisora cuesta a los ciudadanos de
estadounidenses más de 20 millones de dólares por año en impuestos.

Entre las principales críticas que recibe el canal están la de ser
parcial, mal administrado y con frecuencia aburrido.

La televisora es además acusada de estar en sintonía con los puntos de
vista del sector más radical del exilio cubano en Miami, y los esfuerzos
de algunos legisladores para interrumpir las transmisiones nunca han
llegado demasiado lejos.

Pero los representantes demócratas Bill Delahunt y Charlie Rangel, y el
republicano Jeff Flake están promoviendo que se efectúen audiencias
sobre el canal y la radio durante los próximos meses, y los
investigadores del Congreso comenzaron a examinar la administración de
ambos en junio.

Unos de seis periodistas y ex periodistas de Radio y TV Martí, al igual
que numerosos expertos que apoyan las transmisiones, manifestaron
preocupación a la AP sobre la calidad de la programación y la existencia
de un estilo piramidal de administración que castiga rápidamente a los
críticos.

Todos se negaron a que sus nombres fueran publicados por temor a perder
sus empleos o a sufrir alguna represalia.

Desde el 2005, en reiteradas ocasiones numerosos empleados han enviado
cartas sin firmar a la secretaria de Estado, Condoleeza Rice, criticando
la administración de estos medios. Entre algunas de sus preocupaciones
está el hecho de que el Departamento de Estado confía en una encuesta de
enero que mostró que la cantidad de cubanos que ve TV Martí en la Isla
se incrementó cuando se introdujo la modalidad del avión.

El hombre cuya empresa encargó el sondeo, el veterano consultor de
medios hispanos Herb Levin, ayudó a fundar Radio Martí y ha tenido
numerosos contratos para mejorar la programación.

Levin dijo que no le importa lo que la gente pueda creer, porque él sabe
cuál es la calidad de su trabajo. Indicó asimismo que está abierto a
cualquier tipo de examen a su producto.

El informe reciente del Departamento de Estado encontró que en el canal
de televisión falta comunicación entre los gerentes y los empleados, y
es necesario revisar los estándares de ética. Sin embargo, señaló que el
estado de ánimo en general ha mejorado en los últimos años bajo la
conducción del actual director, Pedro Roig.

Alberto Mascaro, jefe de personal de la Oficina de Transmisiones de
Cuba, que supervisa a Radio y TV Martí, espera que las conclusiones del
Departamento de Estado se traduzcan en una mayor confianza en las
transmisiones.

"No es que yo esté intentando venderlo al público", declaró. "Una
agencia independiente hace esto todos los días".

En Cuba es ilegal ver los canales de televisión de Estados Unidos. Las
personas entrevistadas por la AP dijeron que, en caso de ver programas
prohibidos, preferían los canales comerciales de Miami, que llegan a
través de antenas satelitales que ingresan a la Isla de manera ilegal.

Como La Habana sigue teniendo éxito en interceptar las transmisiones de
TV Martí, la oficina de transmisiones a la Isla desde Estados Unidos
recibió permiso en diciembre para hacerlo a través de un canal de habla
hispana en Miami, el mexicano TV Azteca, a un costo de unos 400.000
dólares anuales.

El gobierno estadounidense tiene prohibido poseer al 100% medios de
comunicación que transmiten dentro de Estados Unidos, con el fin de
evitar la propaganda, pero dado que TV Azteca es privada y los cubanos
pueden sintonizarla vía satélite, se hizo una excepción.

Sin embargo, los cubanos que recientemente llegaron a Miami dijeron a la
AP que la televisora mexicana no es popular. Ellos prefieren canales que
estén más ligados culturalmente con Cuba y el Caribe.

Mascaro defendió la decisión de utilizar a TV Azteca.

"No sé cuánto tiempo permanecen viendo otros programas, pero nos están
encontrando", sostuvo sobre el éxito de TV Martí en Azteca.

En algún momento, habrá elecciones libres y libertad de prensa en la
Isla, y las transmisiones a Cuba no serán necesarias, dijo Mascaro. Pero
eso no necesariamente significará el fin de TV Martí.

El informe del Departamento de Estado instó a la oficina de
transmisiones a que examine cómo puede expandir la programación a otros
países de América Latina para contrarrestar a los medios controlados por
el presidente venezolano, Hugo Chávez.

http://www.cubaencuentro.com/es/encuentro-en-la-red/cuba/noticias/a-pesar-de-los-esfuerzos-de-washington-tv-marti-no-llega-a-cuba/(gnews)/1185808560

Sin salir de la retórica

Economía
Sin salir de la retórica

CEPAL publicó el 'récord' cubano de crecimiento el 26 de julio, el mismo
día en que Raúl Castro admitió que la economía no funciona.

Elías Amor Bravo, Valencia

lunes 30 de julio de 2007 6:00:00

Mientras Raúl Castro "denunciaba" en el discurso del 26 de julio la
falta de productividad de la economía cubana, la Comisión Económica para
América Latina (CEPAL) daba a conocer su Estudio Económico de América
Latina y el Caribe 2006-2007, en su 59ª edición. En éste, una vez más,
se abre un frente de controversia con las autoridades de La Habana por
las estimaciones del crecimiento económico.

Conviene recordar que el pasado año la denominada Oficina Nacional de
Estadística abría esta polémica con CEPAL, al atribuir a la economía
cubana un crecimiento del 11,8% en 2005, una cifra que el organismo no
podía asumir porque no empleaba la metodología utilizada en el resto de
países del continente, que es la aceptada por Naciones Unidas.

Como sucede en otras muchas cuestiones, el régimen castrista simplemente
se autoexcluye, ahora en una nueva versión del bloqueo que más le
conviene, esta vez en materia estadística. El nuevo informe que publica
CEPAL apunta una cifra de crecimiento económico del 12,5% para el año
2006, pero la entidad congela el dato y deja claro que su autoría
corresponde a las autoridades de la Isla.

No caben dudas de que este comportamiento va a tener graves
consecuencias a medio y largo plazo, por su imprudencia y temeridad, por
cuanto significa falta de credibilidad y rigor para el gobierno cubano
en el marco internacional. No conviene olvidar que los organismos
competentes de Naciones Unidas, como CEPAL, elaboran informes periódicos
con el objetivo no sólo de proporcionar datos sobre el devenir económico
de las naciones, sino de orientar las decisiones de los inversores
internacionales, basadas en la credibilidad del país.

No aceptar los modelos que se aplican en todas partes, es un ejemplo de
que el régimen de La Habana tiene la firme intención de ocultar sus
incompetencias en la pésima gestión de la economía, así como evitar
—aunque Raúl Castro haya dicho públicamente lo contrario— afrontar
cambios estructurales cuanto antes, y ofrecer esperanzas y hechos
concretos a las demandas y aspiraciones de 11 millones de cubanos que
luchan cada día por salir adelante en las peores condiciones.

Además, nadie en este momento con un conocimiento objetivo y real de la
economía nacional puede asumir que su crecimiento se sitúe siquiera en
la mitad de ese 12,5% defendido por el gobierno. Ir contra el sentido
común es mucho peor que cuestionar métodos objetivos de estimación
estadística aceptados por todos los países.

La polémica de las autoridades de la Isla con esta edición del balance
de CEPAL alcanza además datos sorprendentes. Ya en 2005, cuando el
régimen defendió el crecimiento del 11,8%, se produjo la primera
sorpresa. CEPAL decidió asumir la cifra, pero no integrarla como suya.
Este año, La Habana vuelve a incidir en la misma cuestión y ofrece una
estimación todavía mayor.

Pese a que 2006 ha sido un ejercicio positivo en toda la región, no
existe otro país en América Latina y el Caribe que registre cifras de
crecimiento siquiera parecidas, de acuerdo con la metodología común de
CEPAL, salvo Trinidad y Tobago, con un 12%, República Dominicana (10,7%)
o Venezuela (10,3%). El crecimiento a nivel regional asciende a un 5%, y
en el área del Caribe, ligeramente por encima, un 7,3%. Nada que ver con
las cifras ofrecidas por el régimen, que una vez más arroja serias
sombras de duda y sospecha sobre los procedimientos empleados para el
cálculo macroeconómico.

Desde un punto de vista objetivo, y atendiendo a las cifras que maneja
CEPAL sobre la economía de Cuba —relativas al comportamiento de los
sectores productivos, comercio exterior, deuda, sistema financiero y
fiscal, desempleo, precios, etcétera—, no cabe asumir una predicción de
crecimiento de la magnitud referida ni en el mejor de los escenarios
posibles; por lo que de antemano hay que rechazar el 12,5% ofrecido por
la Oficina Nacional de Estadística de Cuba.

De ese modo, nos encontramos nuevamente inmersos en la polémica y en la
más que justificada duda sobre qué ha sucedido, qué está sucediendo en
la economía nacional. En ausencia de rigor en los cálculos
macroeconómicos, la credibilidad se resiente. Buena nota deben tomar los
inversores internacionales que aún piensan que es posible apostar por
proyectos en la Isla, con los hermanos Castro al frente del poder político.

Las cifras hablan

Varias razones explican por qué es inverosímil que el consumo privado
—argumentado por el régimen como el principal motor del crecimiento—
haya aumentado en esa magnitud en un solo año.

* El sistema basado en la convivencia de dos monedas, el peso
cubano tradicional y el CUC o peso convertible, está produciendo una
grave asimetría en la composición y dinámica del gasto que es muy
difícil de cuantificar. El primero, equivale en el cambio a 24 pesos
cubanos, que apenas tienen poder de compra. El segundo, buscado con
intensidad por la sociedad, se cotiza al cambio 1,08 con el dólar, sin
duda con objetivos claramente fiscales. Esta dualidad monetaria incide
sobre los patrones de consumo, sin que ello pueda cuantificarse de forma
adecuada.

* Los estudios realizados en la Isla por diversos economistas
especializados, insisten en que la familia media necesita alrededor de
1.600 pesos mensuales (unos 72 dólares) para atender sus necesidades
básicas mínimas, por mucho que se alardee de los bienes y servicios que
se conceden a precios subvencionados vía racionamiento (a pesar de sus
45 años de existencia ininterrumpida, actualmente la libreta sólo
permite cubrir entre un cuarto y un tercio de las necesidades mínimas de
alimentos de las familias). Esto choca con el salario promedio en la
Isla, que según la Oficina Nacional de Estadística se sitúa en 387
pesos, es decir, unos 18 dólares al mes. A ello hay que añadir otro
peligroso enemigo de cualquier economía: la inflación, que no ha hecho
más que aumentar de forma continua en la Isla en los últimos años
pasando del 3% en 2004 al 5,7% en 2006; es decir prácticamente se ha
duplicado. Las alzas de precios erosionan las rentas monetarias y
reducen el potencial de gasto, a la vez que distorsionan los precios
relativos que sirven de información a los agentes.

* La existencia de un mercado negro de dimensiones difíciles de
estimar, en el que se puede conseguir prácticamente de todo, sin
restricción alguna, y que se instaurado en un peculiar sistema de
clandestinidad vigilada y consentida, que el régimen utiliza en
beneficio propio, para evitar el caos social.

Con estos elementos, ¿qué se puede afirmar del crecimiento en el consumo
aludido por las autoridades cubanas, precisamente cuando este es el
punto más débil? En efecto, entre 1996 y 2003, el consumo creció a una
tasa media del 2,4%, que según la estadística oficial se ha acelerado a
partir de esa fecha hasta un 7,5% promedio de 2004 a 2006 (incluyendo la
cifra más reciente en cuestión).

Sin embargo, es preciso tener en cuenta que en el período 1989-1996,
precisamente durante el Período Especial, el consumo total en la Isla
descendió como promedio un 6,4% anual. Luego es evidente que el
"esfuerzo" realizado en estos últimos años sigue manteniendo el nivel de
consumo por debajo del que existía en 1989. Y, desde luego, con los
estándares históricos del régimen castrista, no se puede calificar
aquella situación como positiva.

La economía cubana no admite más retrasos en la adopción de decisiones
que realmente signifiquen un cambio hacia el mercado, los derechos de
propiedad y la sustitución del intervencionismo totalitario que ha
limitado sus posibilidades de desarrollo y calidad de vida durante casi
medio siglo. No hay tiempo que perder.

Dirección URL:
http://www.cubaencuentro.com/es/encuentro-en-la-red/cuba/articulos/sin-sali
r-de-la-retorica

Analistas: Raúl Castro está ante el reto de reformar la economía sin molestar a su hermano

Analistas: Raúl Castro está ante el reto de reformar la economía sin
molestar a su hermano

Varios expertos coincidieron en que ningún cambio importante tendrá
lugar mientras Fidel Castro esté vivo.

Agencias

lunes 30 de julio de 2007 17:04:00

AFP/ Washington. Raúl Castro, que reiteró la necesidad de reformar una
economía que estaría al borde del abismo sin la ayuda de Venezuela, se
enfrenta al rompecabezas de efectuar cambios urgentes sin molestar a su
hermano Fidel, dijeron analistas a la AFP.

"¿Cómo abrir la economía apaciguando a Fidel y dándole, al mismo tiempo,
algún tipo de esperanza a la gente? Ese es el talón de Aquiles del
gobierno cubano", afirmó Marifeli Pérez-Stable, de Diálogo
Interamericano, después que Raúl Castro reconociera el jueves la
necesidad de "cambios estructurales y de conceptos".

Para Janette Habel, del Instituto francés de Altos Estudios de América
Latina (IHEAL), las autoridades se enfrentan a otro dilema: "Por una
parte deben efectuar reformas económicas y, por otra, esas mismas
reformas pueden tener consecuencias sociales y amenazar la estabilidad
del régimen".

"Todas las medidas planeadas por cierto número de reformistas tendrán
como consecuencia, si se aplican ahora mismo, una caída del nivel de
vida para las categorías más pobres", predijo, al tiempo que subrayó la
necesidad de que el gobierno sea "fuerte para aplicarlas y soportar las
consecuencias".

Los últimos resultados económicos cubanos dejan que desear: el turismo
bajó un 3,6% en 2006, la última cosecha azucarera apenas superó el
millón de toneladas y la Isla padece asimismo las consecuencias de la
asfixia financiera aplicada por Estados Unidos sobre los bancos.

Al asumir temporalmente el poder tras la enfermedad de su hermano, Raúl
Castro dejó entrever "suspiros de cambio", aunque todo quedó "congelado"
a principios de este año, en palabras de Pérez-Stable.

La analista atribuyó la parálisis al regreso de Castro: "Fidel no está
lo suficiente recuperado como para presentarse en público, pero está
conciente, elabora columnas para los periódicos y llama a la gente por
teléfono", dijo.

Jabel apuntó asimismo que "todas las iniciativas están paralizadas,
especialmente las reformas agrícolas que apuntan a crear más
cooperativas y darles mayor autonomía para estimular la producción" y
pronosticó que "ninguna reforma importante tendrá lugar mientras el
poder no sea transferido a Raúl".

Ian Vásquez, del CATO Institute, en Washington, fue todavía más lejos y
pronosticó que no habrá cambios hasta que Fidel desaparezca: "Mientras
viva, nadie se va a atrever a hacer los cambios que necesita Cuba.
Cuando muera, sí se puede abrir la posibilidad de algunos cambios, pero
van a ser más bien mínimos", añadió.

"Creo que esa es la peor situación posible para los sucesores y la
sucesión: que Fidel siga vivo", sentenció Pérez-Stable.

"La ciudadanía en Cuba sintió que, por los sucesos del año pasado, se
iba a empezar a mejorar algo. Eso no ha sucedido", subrayó. "En Cuba,
entre la gente normal y corriente debe de haber una tremenda frustración
porque ha pasado otro año y su vida no ha mejorado", sostuvo.

Según los expertos consultados, sin la ayuda del presidente venezolano,
Hugo Chávez, la situación en la Isla sería catastrófica. "Si Cuba
tuviera que pagar el barril de petróleo al precio de mercado, a 70 o 75
dólares, pienso que su economía habría colapsado", aseguró Habel.

Chávez, "le saca las castañas del fuego económico" a La Habana, al
suministrar a la Isla unos 92.000 barriles diarios de petróleo a precios
preferenciales, coincidió Pérez-Stable.

"Lo irónico es que Cuba, bajo el comunismo, siempre ha vivido de la
ayuda exterior y ahora mismo es más dependiente que nunca del mundo
exterior", subrayó Vásquez. "En esta oportunidad, Venezuela ha sido la
que salió al rescate de un sistema fracasado", concluyó.

http://www.cubaencuentro.com/es/encuentro-en-la-red/cuba/noticias/analistas-raul-castro-esta-ante-el-reto-de-reformar-la-economia-sin-molestar-a-su-hermano/(gnews)/1185807840

Mayoría de la oposición mira al futuro con pesimismo y acusa a Raúl Castro de mantener la represión

Mayoría de la oposición mira al futuro con pesimismo y acusa a Raúl
Castro de mantener la represión

Agencias

lunes 30 de julio de 2007 15:11:00

Un año después de que Fidel Castro delegara el poder por una grave
crisis de salud, la oposición mira con pesimismo el futuro de Cuba y
acusa a Raúl Castro de mantener la "represión", pese a que el número de
presos políticos ha bajado durante su gobierno provisional.

"En estos regímenes totalitarios los cambios no son por la muerte
natural del líder o por su enfermedad, eso no es lo que impulsa los
cambios", dijo a la AFP el opositor Vladimiro Roca.

"Todo sigue igual y realmente no veo hasta el momento cambio alguno",
opinó el economista independiente Oscar Espinosa Chepe.

Para Elizardo Sánchez Santacruz, presidente de la ilegal Comisión Cubana
de Derechos Humanos y Reconciliación Nacional (CCDHRN), "persiste la
violación sistemática e institucionalizada" de las libertades.

Según Sánchez Santacruz, el número de presos políticos bajó en el último
semestre de 286 a 243, pero la situación de derechos humanos sigue
siendo "marcadamente desfavorable".

"Hay cambios de forma, pero no de contenido. Ha disminuido un poco la
represión masiva, pero se ha incrementado la selectiva contra
opositores; el contenido represión continúa igual", estimó Roca.

A juicio de Martha Beatriz Roque, líder de la Asamblea para Promover la
Sociedad Civil, "ha sido un año de mucho hostigamiento", sobre todo
contra los opositores encarcelados.

"La situación de los derechos humanos es muy mala, han excarcelado
prisioneros, pero casi todos son personas que han cumplido sus condenas,
son cifras engañosas", dijo Miriam Leyva, activista de las Damas de
Blanco, madres, esposas y familiares de presos políticos.

El grupo demanda la inmediata liberación de todos los presos políticos,
en particular de los 59 que aún permanecen en prisión del total de 75
condenados a largas penas de cárcel en la primavera de 2003.

En contraste, el opositor socialdemócrata Manuel Cuesta Morúa consideró
que antes del 31 de julio de 2006 "se respiraba una atmósfera
absolutamente negativa" y hoy "hay signos alentadores", pues "algunos
sectores del poder" creen que "Cuba tiene que aprender a vivir con la
diversidad y la diferencia".

"Raúl debería responder a las ofertas de diálogo" de la oposición,
señaló Cuesta Morúa, quien al igual que otros disidentes consideró
positivo el ramo de olivo que tendió el gobernante interino por tercera
vez a Estados Unidos, en su discurso del 26 de julio.

"Si el gobierno cubano quiere negociar y quiere dialogar, pues puede ir
ensayando (...) con los cubanos antes del gran diálogo", acotó.

En un comunicado firmado por su líder, Oswaldo Payá, el Movimiento
Cristiano Liberación (MCL) subrayó que "el diálogo civilizado entre
cubanos es una necesidad urgente y un proceso justo y necesario para el
pueblo de Cuba".

"Su discurso nos hace preguntar cuántos males se hubieran evitado,
cuántas injusticias no se hubieran cometido (...) si los cubanos no
vivieran amordazados y pudieran expresarse libremente", añadió el texto

"Estar abierto a tener negociaciones con la futura administración
norteamericana es una cosa positiva", opinó, por su parte, Espinosa Chepe.

En su discurso, Raúl Castro reconoció además la necesidad de "ajustes
estructurales" que saquen al país de la crisis económica; no obstante,
dejó claro que en la Isla no habrá "transición".

"Me impresionó mucho su señalamiento de realizar cambios, de la
necesidad de cambios (...) Ojalá sea un punto de viraje. Si es así,
bienvenidos sean estos cambios", dijo Espinosa Chepe, pero aclaró que
"hay que ver de qué se tratan".

Los "cambios estructurales que la gente ha visto como posibilidad de
apertura, van a ser cosméticos", afirmó Martha Beatriz Roque, en
declaraciones a la agencia EFE.

"No se van a dar soluciones al meollo del asunto: la falta de libertades
políticas, sociales y económicas que tiene este pueblo", lamentó.

Vladimiro Roca consideró que "no ha habido hechos que confirmen el
pragmatismo que se le atribuye a Raúl Castro".

En contraste, Manuel Cuesta Morúa, dijo apreciar "proceso lento de
reencauzamiento del discurso político de los pragmáticos en el poder".

Las palabras de Raúl Castro confirman que "va asumiendo el liderazgo,
que me imagino culmine en las elecciones con la asunción de la
presidencia del país", anotó.

En este sentido, Espinosa Chepe consideró que en estos meses se ha
consolidado la presencia de Raúl Castro en la dirección del país. A
juicio de Miriam Leiva, en el último año se ha vivido una "etapa de
análisis y reacomodo de intereses" entre los miembros del régimen y
ahora es fundamental excarcelar a los presos políticos y abrir espacios
para la discrepancia.

"Creo que quizás es el inicio de una nueva etapa que pudiera ser muy
positiva si no se ponen trabas absurdas", apuntó.

http://www.cubaencuentro.com/es/encuentro-en-la-red/cuba/noticias/mayoria-de-la-oposicion-mira-al-futuro-con-pesimismo-y-acusa-a-raul-castro-de-mantener-la-represion/(gnews)/1185801060

Grupo disidente denuncia alta incidencia de la tuberculosis en una cárcel de Camagüey

Grupo disidente denuncia alta incidencia de la tuberculosis en una
cárcel de Camagüey

El 60% de los presos de Kilo 7 es portador del bacilo de Koch, que
ocasiona la enfermedad, según fuentes médicas.

Agencias

lunes 30 de julio de 2007 12:55:00

AFP/ La Habana. Un grupo de disidentes denunció la existencia de casos
de tuberculosis en la prisión Kilo 7, de Camagüey, dijo un comunicado
difundido el sábado por la opositora Martha Beatriz Roque.

Según el texto, la doctora Yulia Gutiérrez, jefa de servicios médicos de
ese centro penitenciario, dijo que el 60% de la población de esa prisión
es portadora del bacilo de Koch, que ocasiona la tuberculosis.

Después de una pesquisa realizada en junio "se están tomando las medidas
preventivas con el tratamiento sistemático de fármacos", indicaron
reclusos de esa prisión, de acuerdo con el comunicado.

Gutiérrez dijo a los presos que ante cualquier expectoración con sangre
"soliciten de inmediato la atención de un médico", pero varios reclusos
se quejaron de que tal trámite es muy difícil en ese centro penitenciario.

Los datos oficiales dicen que la incidencia de la tuberculosis en Cuba
va en declive en los últimos años, pues de 901 casos reportados en 2001
la cifra se redujo a 724 en 2006, indicó el Anuario Estadístico de Cuba.

http://www.cubaencuentro.com/es/encuentro-en-la-red/cuba/noticias/grupo-disidente-denuncia-alta-incidencia-de-la-tuberculosis-en-una-carcel-de-camagueey/(gnews)/1185792900

EL PRAGMATISMO DE UN DICTADOR

EL PRAGMATISMO DE UN DICTADOR
2007-07-29.
Osvaldo Alfonso Valdés, Ex Prisionero de Conciencia de la Causa de los
75 y Analista Político de Misceláneas de Cuba

A poco menos de un año de asumir el gobierno de Cuba tras la enfermedad
de Fidel, Raúl Castro preside el acto por del 26 de julio, la
celebración castrista más importante del año en Cuba. Como es lógico,
los observadores internacionales, y sobre todo, los cubanos dentro y
fuera de la isla, esperamos curiosos cuál serían los pronunciamientos
del dictador sucesor. Algunos aún incluso estaban a la expectativa de si
reaparecería el Comandante, lo que no hizo.

¿Y qué fue del discurso de Raúl Castro? Pues nada más que un
ratificación de lo que muchos hemos venido afirmando: que el nuevo
tirano no tiene ninguna voluntad de iniciar las transformaciones que
realmente nuestro país necesita. Sus palabras, en gran medida repiten el
eterno discurso. Raúl ratificó lo inamovible del sistema socialista,
repitió los habituales ataques a Estados Unidos acusándolos de sus
supuestos designios malignos hacia Cuba y cuando manifestó la
disposición a dialogar con ese país, acotando que sin condiciones, lo
que significa, que el Gobierno norteamericano debe reconocer a la
dictadura sin que esta deje de violar los derechos humanos, lo hizo para
dejar claro que de no ser así, estarían resistiendo otros 50 años más.
Claramente que eso significa, mas allá de si sería posible o no, que sus
pretensiones son, como decimos los cubanos, seguir en las mismas.

De nuevo las justificaciones de las carencias del pueblo cubano, con el
embargo norteamericano, aunque no dejó de reconocer que en ciertos
sectores, como la alimentación, son ineficientes. Raúl Castro, no dijo
una palabra sobre los derechos humanos, más bien dejo claro la postura
inmovilista que mantendrá su administración al afirmar, que no enviarán
señales de ningún tipo a nadie, lo que se puede interpretar como que no
debemos esperar que la situación de respeto a los derechos fundamentales
de los cubanos mejore, al menos, como resultado de una política
aperturista de su gobierno.

Su discurso, por otra parte, no carece de ambigüedades que más que todo,
están dirigidas a confundir, y seguir alimentando engañosamente en
algunos ingenuos las esperanzas de que algo pueda ser distinto bajo su
mandato. De ahí la retórica, muy publicitada por la prensa extranjera,
de que se harán los cambios estructurales en la economía que sean
necesarios. Sin embargo, quedó claro que ante todo se refería a las
inversiones extranjeras, dejando explicito que se reforzará el papel del
estado en los negocios de las empresas mixtas. Nada tampoco de apertura
para que los nacionales puedan tener iniciativa económica propia real,
más bien criticó lo que considera efectos negativos de las tímidas
reformas que se implementaron como consecuencia del Periodo Especial. O
sea, que esos efectos negativos son que algunos compatriotas lograran
independizarse económicamente del régimen.

Por supuesto, que no faltaron las promesas; esas nunca han faltado,
forman parte de la naturaleza manipuladora y estafadora del régimen.
Dice Raúl que hay que tener leche para todos, afirmación que mueve a
risa, cuando se le escucha decirlo como algo que será una meta de la
revolución después de 48 años. Y lo más increíble: ratificó la voluntad
de construir el socialismo, también a casi medio siglo de haber
comenzado a "construirlo".

¿Dónde está entonces el pragmatismo que no pocos le atribuyen a Raúl? ¿O
qué tipo de pragmatismo es el que necesita Cuba de su gobernante? ¿El
que le permita al régimen cambiar sólo aquello que le posibilite seguir
existiendo sin que el pueblo realmente mejore sus condiciones de vida y
alcance la libertad plena a la que tienen derecho como seres humanos?
¿Pragmatismo para prometer, o incluso darle a la gente un poco más de
frijoles y leche y al mismo tiempo seguir pisoteando las libertades
ciudadanas y encarcelando a los que se atreven a disentir? ¿Pragmatismo
para "cambiar todo lo que deba ser cambiado" mientras el poder no
peligre y la democracia siga sin llegar a la isla? En eso tal vez no
deje de ser pragmático Raúl Castro, pero no es lo que los cubanos
necesitan después de estos 48 oscuros años de totalitarismo.

La más realista y pragmática conclusión que se puede sacar del discurso
del nuevo dictador, si se esperaron sus palabras para saber el rumbo que
quiere dar a su administración, es que la lucha por la libertad y el
cambio a la democracia debe seguir, y aquellos gobiernos que quieren
contribuir solidariamente con esa causa de los cubanos deben mantener
claro el mensaje al régimen de que sólo los pasos evidentes y
transparentes encaminados al la transición democrática harán posible
unas relaciones normales con el Gobierno de Cuba.

En nuestra isla la lucha de los demócratas sigue siendo el factor más
importante para que un día llegue la libertad. Hacia ellos hay que
redoblar el apoyo en todos los sentidos, para que su trabajo pacífico en
pos de la democracia sea más efectivo. Sólo en la medida que dentro del
país crezca y se fortalezca la posición y la disidencia, y el apoyo de
las democracias a ellos sea cada vez más explícito, sólo entonces habrá
más posibilidades de que la dictadura, sabiéndose incapaz, como lo sabe,
de darle a nuestros compatriotas el bienestar al que todo pueblo aspira,
y comprendiendo que no podrá seguir violando con impunidad los derechos
humanos del pueblo, sólo entonces será mas probable que su política se
encamine hacia el pragmatismo que realmente reclama las aspiraciones de
libertad, democracia y prosperidad del pueblo de Cuba.

http://www.miscelaneasdecuba.net/web/article.asp?artID=10966

DEPORTAN A OPOSITORA DE ORIGEN RUSO

DEPORTAN A OPOSITORA DE ORIGEN RUSO
2007-07-30.
Roberto Santana Rodríguez, Periodista Independiente

30 de julio de 2007. La Habana.– El pasado 27 de julio, autoridades
cubanas de inmigración deportaron a Rusia a la opositora pacífica Elena
Varelevna Verselova, informó su hija Diana Aguilar Verselova.

La decisión tomada por inmigración le fue comunicada a Varelevna
Verselova el pasado 16 de julio, luego de ser traída a La Habana desde
Isla de la Juventud (Isla de Pinos) escoltada por un oficial de la
dependencia gubernamental, señaló la fuente.

Elena Varelevna Verselova, de 41 años, residió en Cuba, en Isla de la
Juventud, segunda ínsula en importancia dentro del archipiélago cubano,
por más de 20 años.

Antes de ser deportada a Rusia ocupaba el cargo de presidenta de Acción
Democrática Pinera, y además, era miembro de la dirección colegiada del
Partido Autónomo Pinero (PAP), organización opositora que aboga por la
autonomía para la Isla de la Juventud en la Cuba democrática del futuro.

Varelevna Verselova permaneció confinada en la sede de inmigración, en
La Habana, sin poder ver ni despedirse, al partir de Cuba, de sus hijas,
Diana y Dora Lidia, de 22 y 17 años de edad. Asimismo la fuente precisó,
que contrariamente a lo establecido, las autoridades cubanas le hicieron
abonar a la opositora deportada el monto del pasaje de avión ascendente
a 1723 pesos moneda nacional, para lo cual su hija Dora Lidia, residente
en Isla de la Juventud, debió vender casi todos los efectos
electrodomésticos de su casa.

Vladimiro Roca, portavoz del movimiento Todos Unidos, relacionó la
deportación de Varelevna Verselova a sus ideas políticas, contrarias al
gobierno cubano, y calificó al incidente como una violación más a los
derechos humanos cometida por el Gobierno de Fidel Castro.

"Elena ni siquiera contó con la protección de su embajada, que se supone
está en Cuba para proteger a ciudadanos rusos que residen en el país
–enfatizó el opositor pacífico, presidente también del Partido
Socialdemócrata de Cuba–. Lo sucedido, me parece bastante injusto que
ella deje a dos hijas en Cuba sin que nadie las pueda ayudar hasta que
pueda sacarlas".

"Tanto nuestro futuro como el de ella pienso que se muestra incierto, no
sabemos cuando la volveremos a ver", dijo finalmente Diana Aguilar
Verselova.

http://www.miscelaneasdecuba.net/web/article.asp?artID=10967

DERRUMBE DEJA DOS MUERTOS

DERRUMBE DEJA DOS MUERTOS
2007-07-30.
Juan Mario Rodríguez, Corresponsal en la isla de Misceláneas de Cuba

La Habana.-El pasado martes 24 de julio un edificio de la calle
Belascoaín, e/. Animas y Laguna, sufrió un derrumbe parcial grado A en
el que perecieron dos personas y hubo 5 heridos.
El suceso ocurrió al colapsar la losa de cubierta del inmueble que fué
construído en el año 1923 y reparado en 1947.

En lo que fué el Hotel San Luis vivían 119 núcleos familiares de los que
hasta el momento han sido reubicados en locales transitorios 58, según
declaró uno de los arquitectos de guardia del municipio Centro Habana.

Los pisos superiores del edificio estaban declarados inhabitables dsde
la década del 90 del pasado siglo.

http://www.miscelaneasdecuba.net/web/article.asp?artID=10970

EL DEPORTE, PROPAGANDA AL SERVICIO DE LA REVOLUCIÓN

EL DEPORTE, PROPAGANDA AL SERVICIO DE LA REVOLUCIÓN
2007-07-30.
Eniel Bosch

Sin dudas, Cuba produce muchos buenos deportistas. Como cubano, es
normal que uno se sienta orgulloso cuando el Equipo Nacional de Béisbol
gana un campeonato o uno de nuestros boxeadores vence en un certamen
internacional. Esto es una cosa irremediabe, tal vez alimentada por ese
sentimiento nacionalista que casi todos llevamos por dentro.

El Gobierno cubano gasta millones de dólares en la formación de los
futuros deportistas, pero también es verdad que le exige a los mismos
lealtad absoluta e indiscutible al sistema, que sirvan hasta el final de
sus carreras a la Revolución, y no exagero si digo que a su Coma Andante
en Jaque. No es nada extraño que los deportistas cubanos le dediquen sus
medallas a la revolución, a Fidel y al pueblo de Cuba. Eso lo hemos
visto en cientos de entrevistas.

¿No huele esto a propaganda? Muchos en el mundo entero se sorprenden
como una isla de apenas 11 millones de habitantes puede tener tan buena
actuación deportiva en el ámbito internacional. Y para alimentar esa
imagen como un logro de la Revolución, es que el Gobierno invierte en el
mismo cuantíosas sumas de dinero.

Mientras los deportistas cosechan medallas y como corderos le sirven al
régimen, son llamados héroes. Cuando se quedan en otro país, abandonando
sus delegaciones para siempre, se convierten automáticamente en
traidores a la patria. Este es el caso de la crema y nata del pugilismo
cubano, quienes poniendo la mirilla en el boxeo profesional, han
decidido probar las oportunidades que este ofrece. Los boxeadores el
gallo Guillermo Rigondeaux, bicampeón olímpico y mundial y Erislandy
Lara, campeón olímpico, son los últimos ejemplos de esta tendencia en el
deporte cubano en general.

Se fugaron de la cita de los Juegos Panamericanos de Río de Janeiro,
buscando mejores horizontes. Antes de ellos, ya en diciembre del pasado
año, los también campeones olímpicos Yan Barthelemy, Yuriorkis Gamboa y
Odlanier Solís le habían dicho gracias y adiós a su trayectoria
representando a Cuba en el boxeo aficionado para radicarse en Alemania y
pelear profesionalmente.

Cabe recordar que en Cuba el Estado tiene el monopolio en la formación
de los deportistas estrellas. Por eso, más que darles las gracias por el
buen desempeño de estos, se le debería exigir al Gobierno
responsabilidad cada vez que un deportista le vende el cajetín y decide,
como ellos llaman, desertar.

Llega un momento en que los deportistas cubanos se cansan de ser mal
pagados y miran al futuro, quieren ser los protagonistas de sus vidas y
por supuesto, de satisfacer sus necesidades económicas y las de sus
familias, sin depender de la benevolencia del régimen.

Un mecánismo para evitar estas llamadas deserciones sería dándoles a los
deportistas cubanos la libertad de sacar provecho económico de su
talento, pagando un razonable impuesto al Gobierno cubano por los años
de preparación profesional en ellos invertidos y pidiéndoles el
compromiso de representar a la patria internacionalmente.

Pero mientras el régimen totalitario insista en la política de abarcarlo
todo, como ocurre con todas las esferas de la vida nacional,
continuaremos viendo como lo mejor de nuestras estrellas se siguen
marchando para brillar en otras latitudes.

http://www.miscelaneasdecuba.net/web/article.asp?artID=10971

PETICIONES FUERA DE LUGAR

PETICIONES FUERA DE LUGAR
2007-07-30.
Juan Mario Rodríguez, Corresponsal en la isla de Misceláneas de Cuba

El asunto de la producción de leche en Cuba ha sido convertido por la
nomenklatura en cuestión vital para sus propósitos totalitarios y
autoritarios. Ya sabemos que en Cuba a los niños que cumplen siete años
se les suprime la cuota de leche que se expende por la libreta de
racionamiento.

En diciembre de 1966, Fidel Castro dijo en un discurso que para 1970 "la
isla habrá de tener 5000 expertos en la industria ganadera y alrededor
de 8 millones de vacas y terneras que habrán de ser buenas productoras
de leche. [...] Habrá tanta leche que se podrá llenar la bahía de La
Habana con leche".

El 26 de julio ultimo, pasados 41 años, el general de ejército Raúl
Castro le exigió enérgicamente a los ganaderos camagüeyanos y de todo el
país aumentar la producción de leche mientras esperamos pacientemente a
que en el 2008 se celebren las elecciones en los Estados Unidos para
comenzar a dialogar sobre el futuro de las relaciones entre cubanos y
norteamericanos con el supuesto locatario demócrata de la Casa Blanca.

En su discurso, Castro reclamó también el aumento de la productividad en
todos los sectores, un ademán que ratifica la intención de mantener
idiotizado al "hombre nuevo", quien debe concienciar el hecho de matarse
trabajando a cambio de casi nada material.¡Bienes para qué? faltó decir
al general.

A un año de la sucesión del poder de Castro a Castro, tiempo ganado para
la consolidación del Gobierno sin el comandante en jefe, el "apóstol"
Raúl pretende incrementarlo increpando a favor de absurdas libaciones
lácticas para todos. De la liberalización en el sector agropecuario no
hizo referencia alguna el gobernante interino. Tampoco habló de
reformas, lo que garantiza que, por ejemplo, los campesinos prefieran
alimentar sus cerdos con la leche que obtienen de las vacas, antes que
vendérsela al Ministerio de la Agricultura mediante las empresas de acopio.

El Gobierno cubano hace oídos sordos a los reclamos de libertad de su
pueblo y de la comunidad democrática internacional. Los pobres tratarán
siempre de obtener aquello que no poseen, y aunque se ha ido superando
la etapa del despotismo revolucionario que ha privado a la clase social
inferior de los elementos mínimos para sobrevivir, queda un trecho muy
extenso por andar.

http://www.miscelaneasdecuba.net/web/article.asp?artID=10972

Sunday, July 29, 2007

Cuba under 2 masters

Cuba under 2 masters
Still in limbo as Fidel's brother marks holiday
By James C. McKinley Jr.
New York Times
July 27, 2007

CAMAGUEY, Cuba -- For the first time, Raul Castro, the acting president,
gave the traditional revolutionary harangue during Cuba's most important
national holiday Thursday, deepening the widespread feeling that his
brother Fidel has slipped into semi-retirement and is unlikely to return.

Yet Cuba continues to live in a kind of limbo, with neither brother
fully in control of the one-party socialist state.

Last year, Fidel Castro, the once all-powerful leader, led thousands of
Cuba's Communist Party faithful in enthusiastic cheers to celebrate the
guerrilla attacks on army barracks that sparked his revolution a
half-century ago. It was the last time he was seen in public.

That night, after two long speeches, the gaunt 80-year-old leader
suffered an acute infection and bleeding in his colon from which he has
yet to recover. Five days later, he handed over power to his brother and
a small group of Cabinet officials on a temporary basis.

Since then, Cubans have lived under two masters -- the elder Castro,
ailing but still very much alive, and his younger brother, the longtime
defense minister, who is not free to make significant changes.

"The question is why hasn't there been more dramatic changes," said
Manuel Cuesta Morua, a moderate opposition leader. "The answer is Fidel
Castro continues to govern."

Since the Communist Party has not officially replaced Fidel Castro as
the head of state, his presence in the wings and his towering history
here continues to exert a strong influence in Cuban politics.

That has made it difficult for Raul to shake up the island's centralized
Soviet-style economy, experts on Cuban politics said, though Raul's
public remarks Thursday made it clear he would like to.

He scolded the nation for having to import food when it possesses an
abundance of rich land and vowed to boost agricultural production.

Raul also said Cuba was seeking ways to secure more foreign investment
in industries, without abandoning socialism.

"No one, no individual or country, can afford to spend more than what
they have," he said. "It seems elementary, but we do not always think
and act in accordance with this inescapable reality. To have more, we
have to begin producing more."

http://www.commercialappeal.com/mca/world/article/0,2845,MCA_25347_5646868,00.html

Cuba adapts well to the absence of its bearded leader

Cuba adapts well to the absence of its bearded leader
SILVIA AYUSO

ARTICLE (July 29 2007): There is a near-unanimous opinion held in Cuba
these days: "Everything is the same, nothing has changed." One year
after Cuban President Fidel Castro "temporarily" gave up power to his
younger brother Raul, some hold that opinion with relief, and others
with growing frustration.

When Fidel underwent surgery and surrendered the tasks of government on
July 31, 2006 - his first leave of power since the 1959 Cuban revolution
- Raul Castro faced the tough job of simultaneously maintaining the
status quo and introducing needed changes, with the long shadow of his
elder brother ever hanging over him.

Stylistically, the changes have been extreme. In the place of Fidel's
strong personality and long, passionate speeches, Raul has offered his
traditionally discrete persona and rarely made public appearances.
"There are no longer as many marches, just small gatherings," says a
young resident of Havana.

And without the long speeches, "television schedules are respected more
tightly," says another. But Raul Castro, heading a team set by Fidel,
has also introduced timid political and economic reforms, the fruits of
which may still take some time to be realised. All changes must be in
line with a policy of "continuity" proclaimed by Cuban officials, who
steadfastly reject the use of terms like "succession" or "transition" to
describe the current situation on the island.

Widely considered a pragmatist, Raul Castro has demanded greater
efficiency and fewer justifications from the National Assembly for
things that are not functioning. In his first address to the legislature
in December, he targeted three issues: transport, food distribution and
the acute housing deficit of more than 400,000 homes.

"It is not a government fond of self-complacent figures, but a
government which engages in self-criticism," admits Manuel Cuesta Morua
of the social democratic alliance Arco Progresista, an opposition group
that favours a pact with the government for a democratic transition.

In early January, Cuba witnessed an unusually critical debate among its
intellectual community, while the government is currently studying legal
reforms to recognise the civil and property rights of homosexual couples.

Renewed dialogue with Spain, including human rights issues, and Raul's
two offers of a "table for dialogue" with the United States have also
been interpreted as attempts to achieve the "normalisation of Cuba as a
country within the international community," according to Morua.

"You need to make the most of it. The normalisation maintains the status
quo, but it opens up spaces - it can be a lighter status quo," Morua
said. Jose Miguel Insulza, the secretary general of the Organisation of
American States (OAS), seems to have recognised a similar shift. Earlier
this month, Insulza said that with Raul Castro in command "there has
been a change that points to the evidence of a certain transition, of a
certain change in power relations within Cuba."

However, not everyone appears to perceive such changes, or otherwise
considers them insufficient. The United States still demands a
transition to democracy, and within Cuba there remains a broad sector of
the dissident movement which says it is "disenchanted" with the interim
government of Raul Castro.

"There have practically been no changes. It seemed like there were going
to be some, especially in the first few months with talks with the
United States, quite strong criticisms in the press," said economist
Oscar Espinosa Chepe, one of 75 dissidents jailed in 2003 and currently
outside prison for health reasons.

"But it did not go beyond that and the climate has been dying down," he
said. According to Espinosa Chepe and other sectors of the Cuban
opposition, the force putting a break on the changes has a name: Fidel
Castro.

The Cuban leader is "like a hurdle they cannot overcome," like being
"inside a strait jacket which does not let them move," said Espinosa
Chepe. Juan de la Vina from Miami adds

The euphoria seen in Miami after Cuban leader Fidel Castro's first-ever
transfer of power to his brother Raul has turned into outright
disappointment one year after the handover. On July 31, 2006, Miami was
boiling with activity: Fidel had "temporarily" given up power to undergo
surgery for intestinal bleeding.

Cuban exiles in Little Havana, Hialeah and other parts of Southern
Florida, carried Cuban flags, honked their car horns and shouted
anti-Castro slogans, along with symbolic expressions like "Viva Cuba"
and "Libertad" (freedom).

Others celebrated by the restaurant Versalles and its surroundings - a
meeting point favoured by Cuban exiles - until late into the night and
over the following days as the news spread like wildfire. The jubilant
mood has since changed.

"There has been a sort of let down, because people always expected that
when (Fidel) Castro was no longer directly in power his absence would
provoke more solid symptoms of some change in the country," Ramon Saul
Sanchez, leader of the Democracy Movement, told dpa.

The transfer of power in Havana led many in Miami to cheer, thinking it
was a historic moment that would pave the way for the inevitable
transformation of Cuba. But Sanchez believes Raul Castro has done little
to open up the country.

"(Fidel) Castro is no longer directly giving orders ... But the same
crude policy continues, of repression against the civic opposition in
the country," Sanchez said. "In fact, dissidents have been jailed,
repudiation acts continue, so the iron policy against the peaceful
opposition has not died down."

Twelve months have gone by since Fidel Castro underwent surgery, yet on
both sides of the Florida Strait life goes on as normal. The 80-year-old
Cuban president has made no public appearances and speaks only through
the occasional video and articles in the state- controlled media.

But anti-Castro activists are not ready to give up hope just yet. "We
still think that this process is irreversible for this regime by now. I
mean, the deterioration is going to continue. Those of (Fidel's)
generation, who have done so much harm to Cuba, are going to disappear
gradually," said Sanchez.

Sanchez has fought for the rights of Cuban exiles in the United States
and went on hunger strike several times in protest of the return of
Cubans found at sea. "Over 50 years the Cuban government has not managed
to rejuvenate the revolutionary project it championed and never
accomplished, because in Cuba there is really only a dictatorship that
keeps the people in huge scarcity," Sanchez said.

"And although there have not been changes in Cuba, for us it is the
beginning of the end of that tyranny which will force Raul to carry out
reforms when Fidel Castro is not on the Cuban scene, due to internal and
external pressures," he added.

The civil rights activist said that if the Cuban government does not
introduce reforms that help the Cuban people, "conditions can worsen in
such a way that they lead to a social explosion with incalculable
consequences."

As Miami's Cuban exile community looks toward Cuba with one eye, they
watch the United States with the other. There too, exiles see a danger
in the fact that more and more people are speaking against the
decades-long embargo the US has kept in place against Cuba. While the
embargo still stands, voices have risen over the past year against
sanctions and in favour of opening up trade with Cuba.

Another attempt to soften the embargo was defeated in the US Congress.

Tomas Robaina, of the Domino Network association, said he recently
travelled to Washington to "inform" members of Congress of those fears.
"We have to remind (the United States) more than ever of the atrocities
that are committed in Cuba. We feel that outside Miami there is not as
much understanding," Robaina said.

http://www.brecorder.com/index.php?id=597993&currPageNo=1&query=&search=&term=&supDate=

Capitalist notes in Cuban overture to West

Capitalist notes in Cuban overture to West
July 28, 2007

CAMAGUEY, Cuba: People were out in force to celebrate the 54th
anniversary of the Cuban revolution and to wish for a renewal in the
health of Fidel Castro.

Tens of thousands formed a sea of red in Camaguey's Plaza de la
Revolucion Agramonte, many chanting "Viva Fidel", to hear his brother
Raul call to push Cuba in a new direction.

Fidel is still hidden from the public after stomach surgery last July
and his prospects of returning to power remain uncertain.

His younger brother declared that Cuba was considering opening further
to foreign investment, allowing business partners to provide this
financially strapped nation with "capital, technology or markets".

The younger Castro's remarks, coupled with his unusual admission that
the Cuban Government needs to pay its vast cadres of state-employed
workers more to cover basic needs, amounted to the clearest indication
yet of how he might lead the nation. Raul Castro, 76, who was named
interim president on July 31 last year, vowed to partner only with
"serious entrepreneurs, upon well-defined legal bases".

He struck distinctly capitalist notes in this central Cuban city. But he
also was careful to appeal to party hardliners, saying any new business
deals must "preserve the role of the state and the predominance of
socialist property" and that the Government would be "careful not to
repeat the mistakes of the past, [which] owed to naivety or our
ignorance about these partnerships."

He even suggested that the US after the term of President George Bush
might play a role in his new Cuba, an idea quickly rejected by Washington.

"If the new US administration once and for all can set aside its
overbearing nature and talk in a civilised fashion, that will be most
welcome," Castro said.

But a US State Department spokesman, Sean McCormack, said: "The only
real dialogue he needs is with the Cuban people."

http://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/news/world/capitalist-notes-in-cuban-overture-to-west/2007/07/27/1185339254788.html

Defections have Cuban boxing on ropes at Panams

Defections have Cuban boxing on ropes at Panams
Published on Saturday, July 28, 2007
By Steve Keating

RIO DE JANEIRO, Brazil (Reuters): Hit hard by defections, Cuba's
long-time domination inside the Panamerican Games boxing ring was on the
ropes on Friday after claiming just a single gold medal.

The first day of the boxing finals started smartly for the Cubans, with
Yordenis Ugas demolishing Brazil's Everton Lopes to claim the
lightweight gold and give his country its 100th medal and 72nd gold in
the Panam ring.

But there would be no more gold for Cuba on Friday

The loss of Olympic and world bantamweight champion Guillermo Rigondeaux
and welterweight world champion Erislandy Lara, who failed to appear for
their quarter-final bouts on Sunday only to surface in Germany a few
days later signing professional contracts, has hit the team hard.

Cuba arrived in Rio already reeling from the defections of Olympic and
Panamerican medallists Yan Barthelemy, Yuriolkis Gamboa and heavyweight
Odlanier Solis, who slipped away during training for the Panams in Caracas.

Mexico's Carlos Cuadras Quiroa, who advanced in a walkover when
Rigondeaux failed to appear for their quarter-final, went on to claim
the gold, outpointing Claudio Marrero of the Dominican Republic 15-11.

LOSING PEOPLE

"That's a lot of punishment to take," U.S. national coach Dan Campbell
told Reuters. "They're not use to losing those people. It's got to hurt."

Despite being decimated by defections, Cuba is not ready to throw in the
towel and with fighters in four of six title bouts on Saturday could
still top the boxing medal table.

The Caribbean powerhouse, however, will not match the success it has
enjoyed at recent Games, having won a total 15 gold medals at the last
two Panams, including nine in 1999 in Winnipeg.

Light flyweight Luis Yanez outpointed Venezuela's Kevin Betancourt 14-7
to give the U.S. just its third Panam gold medal in as many Games.

The U.S. look set to add the welterweight gold to its haul, until
Brazil's Pedro Lima rallied in the closing seconds to narrowly outpoint
Demetrius Andrade 7-6, leading Campbell to accuse the judges of backing
the home fighter.

"The judging has not been okay throughout this whole tournament," said
Campbell. "When you have Brazilians coming up to you and apologising for
the way we have been treated by the judges since we've been here there's
something wrong.

"They have to come to Chicago for the world championships later this
year, they'll get a taste of how we do it."

http://www.caribbeannetnews.com/news-2786--8-8--.html

Cuban dissident in elections call

Cuban dissident in elections call
By Emilio San Pedro
BBC Americas Editor

A leading Cuban dissident has called on the island's acting President
Raul Castro to free all political prisoners and allow multi-party elections.

Responding to Mr Castro's Revolution Day speech, Oswaldo Paya said the
government punished enough people for holding different political opinions.

Cuban leader Fidel Castro has not been seen in public since undergoing
intestinal surgery last July.

The president ceded power temporarily to his brother but has vowed to
return.

'Official response'

The comments by Mr Paya, one of Cuba's best known political dissidents,
are not surprising, given that the regime's few vocal opponents in Cuba
have been making similar demands, such as calling for the release of
political prisoners, for years.

What makes the comments particularly relevant is firstly the fact that
Mr Paya framed his comments as a sort of official response from the
unrecognised opposition at such a pivotal time.

Secondly, it is the very public nature in which he made the remarks by
posting them on his own website.

Dissidents like Mr Paya, who have languished in the political wilderness
in Cuba for decades, are keen to take advantage of the ongoing political
uncertainty that continues to reign on the island since Mr Castro's
temporary departure.

In fact, it could be argued that Mr Paya's comments, while officially
directed at Raul Castro, also serve as a reminder to the Cuban people
and the international community that there is, despite government
claims, a real opposition in Cuba which is prepared to enter the
political fray if and when the time is right.
Story from BBC NEWS:
http://news.bbc.co.uk/go/pr/fr/-/2/hi/americas/6920080.stm

Published: 2007/07/27 20:28:34 GMT

Fidel's shadow looms as brother presides over Revolution Day

Fidel's shadow looms as brother presides over Revolution Day
By James C. McKinley Jr.
Thursday, July 26, 2007

CAMAGUEY, Cuba: A year ago, Fidel Castro led thousands of Cuban
Communist Party faithful in enthusiastic cheers to celebrate the
guerrilla attacks on army barracks that sparked his revolution a half
century ago.

But Thursday, for the first time, it was Castro's brother, Raúl, who
gave the traditional revolutionary harangue, deepening the widespread
feeling among Cuba's citizens that their once all-powerful leader has
slipped into semi-retirement and is unlikely to return.

And Raúl Castro, the acting president and defense minister, left little
doubt he intended to shake up the island's centralized Soviet-style
economy. He scolded the nation for having to import food when it
possesses an abundance of rich land. He vowed to increase and streamline
agricultural production. He also said Havana was studying ways to secure
more foreign investment in industries without abandoning socialism.

"No one, no individual or country, can afford to spend more than what
they have," he said. "It seems elementary, but we do not always think
and act in accordance with this inescapable reality. To have more we
have to begin producing more."

Raúl Castro spoke before about 100,000 people. His hourlong speech was
studded with references to his charismatic brother's ideals. He ended
the talk with one of Fidel Castro's more famous quotes about the nature
of a socialist revolution, a passage the crowd mumbled along with him,
like a prayer.

At times it seemed almost as if Castro were eulogizing his brother. "Not
even during the most serious moments of his illness did he fail to bring
his wisdom and experience to each problem and essential decision," he
said. "These have truly been very difficult months, although with the
opposite effect than our enemies expected, those who dreamed chaos would
erupt and Cuban socialism would end up collapsing."

But Fidel Castro is still very much alive. Since the Communist Party has
yet to officially replace him as the head of state, his presence in the
wings continues to exert a strong influence in politics here, making it
difficult for his brother to make significant changes to the island's
state-managed economy, experts on Cuban politics said.

It was after two strenuous National Rebellion Day speeches last year
that Castro suffered from an acute infection and bleeding in his colon
from diverticulitis. Five days later, he handed power to his brother and
a small group of cabinet officials on a temporary basis.

But since then, what looked like at the time like a temporary measure
seems to have taken on a permanent aspect. He has had several surgeries
and has acknowledged that at least one went badly. He has not been seen
in public and has missed military parades and other events he usually
attends.

The authorities periodically have released photographs and videos
showing the 80-year-old leader looking first gaunt, then later more
robust, the last of which appeared on television in early June.

He spends much of his time these days writing essays for the Communist
Party newspaper on a range of topics, from the war in Iraq to the
defection of Cuban boxers during the Pan American games.

He recently blamed the use of dollars and remittances from the Cubans in
the United States for "irritating inequalities and privileges." The
columns are rambling and sometimes humorous. He wrote last week that he
was so engrossed in the games that he had forgotten to take his medicine.

"I don't have time now for films and photos that require me to
constantly cut my hair, beard and mustache and get spruced up every
day," he grumbled in one of his essays, entitled "Reflections of the
Commander in Chief."

Raúl Castro, 76, has taken several small but meaningful steps over the
past year that suggest he wants to open up Cuban society and perhaps
move to a market-driven system, without ceding one-party control, not
unlike what Communist China is endeavoring to do. In the 1990s, he
supported limited private enterprise and foreign investment.

Since becoming acting president, Raúl Castro has twice offered to open
negotiations with the United States to end a half-century of enmity and
sanctions. He repeated that stand Thursday, noting that President George
W. Bush would soon be leaving office "along with his erratic and
dangerous administration."

"The new administration will have to decide whether it will maintain the
absurd, illegal and failed policy against Cuba or if will accept the
olive branch that we offered," he said.

Fewer dissidents have been arrested this year than in the past, and
cadres of party militants have stopped harassing government critics,
said Manuel Cuesta Morúa, a moderate opposition leader.

On the economic front, the younger Castro has allowed the importation of
televisions and video players. He has told the police to let pirate
taxis operate without interference. He has pledged to spend millions to
refurbish hotels, marinas and golf courses. He even ordered one of the
state newspapers to investigate the poor quality of service that
state-controlled bakeries and other stores provide to people.

But perhaps the most important step he has taken was to pay the debts
the state owes to private farmers and to raise the prices the state pays
for milk and meat. Ordinary Cubans still live on rations and cope with
chronic shortages of staples like beef. Salaries average about $12 a
month, and most people spend the three-quarters of their pay on food,
according to a study by Armando Nova González, an economist at the
Center for the study of the Cuban Economy.

"What a person makes is not enough to live on," said Jorge, a museum
guard who asked his last name not be used because he feared persecution.
"You have to resort to the black market to get along. No, not just to
get along, to survive." He said he and his wife together make about $30
a month, just enough to support their family of four.

Raúl Castro has disappointed many Cubans who had expected dramatic
changes when he took over. One reason is he has always deferred to his
older brother in the past and seems to lack the political power to take
major actions until Fidel Castro either relinquishes total control or
dies, said experts on Cuba.

"I would say what is remarkable over the last year is how little has
changed," said Robert Pastor, a former aide to President Jimmy Carter
and a political scientist at American University. "People have been
calm, but of course, big brother has been watching."

Fidel's influence extends far beyond his new role as columnist in chief.
Even as Raúl Castro appears headed toward permanent rule, leaders seem
reluctant to roll back the elder Castro's decision to centralize the
economy again and restrict the small-scale private enterprises that
emerged in the 1990s after the fail of the Soviet Union, several
economists and political scientists say. "His main impact on Cuba is not
his writings but that he's alive, and it means Raúl and the others are
reluctant to take major initiatives," said Jorge Dominguez, a professor
at Harvard who studies Cuba.

In his speech, Raúl Castro acknowledged the stubborn problem of low
wages and the lack of productivity, saying the economic problems were
eating away at the social fabric. He urged Cuba to be patient. The
problems could not be solved right away and he did not want to raise
expectations too high, he said.

"Wages today are markedly not enough to satisfy all needs," he said,
adding, "This has bred forms of social indiscipline and tolerance which,
having taken root, prove difficult to eradicate."

http://www.iht.com/articles/2007/07/26/america/cuba.php

Lawmakers lukewarm on proposed Cuba policy changes

Lawmakers lukewarm on proposed Cuba policy changes
Jul 29, 2007 02:07 AM
CQ Researcher

Several pending bills call for altering or scrapping major elements of
U.S. policy toward Cuba, including the U.S. trade embargo and travel
restrictions.

Bills by Rep. Charles Rangel, D-N.Y., and Sens. Byron Dorgan, D-N.D.,
and Michael Enzi, R-Wyo., would remove all travel limits. Rep. William
Delahunt, D-Mass., proposes just removing Bush administration
restrictions on family visits to Cuba.

Supporters of the Delahunt proposal argue that it stands a better chance
of passing than an abolition of all restrictions. They also argue that
if the travel ban were lifted for all Americans, Cuban authorities would
feel free to block access by Cuban Americans, who are seen as carriers
of the democracy virus.

"My biggest worry is that they might have enough tourist dollars from
all Americans that they might block Cuban Americans from entering,"
Carlos Saladrigas of Miami, co-chair of the Cuba Study Group.

Those who support an end to the ban argue that Delahunt's limited ban
amounts to thinking small.

"I'm worried about incrementalism," said Julia Sweig, Latin America
Studies director at the Council on Foreign Relations, who added: "We
need a broader policy that reflects our national interest, and right now
we don't have one. ... The better approach to take, in my view, is to
say: Let a thousand flowers bloom legislatively, in terms of travel, in
terms of getting rid of the embargo."

Nevertheless, the incremental approach has cropped up elsewhere. A
provision inserted in spending legislation would eliminate restrictions
on agricultural sales to Cuba. Bush threatened to veto the bill if it
reaches his desk.

"Lifting the sanctions now ... would provide assistance to a repressive
regime at the expense of the Cuban people," Bush said.

But the sales restrictions have long been unpopular in farm states. Rep.
Jerry Moran, R-Kan., who authored the provision, noted that the United
States trades freely with other repressive countries, including China.

"Why the double standard?" Moran asked.

Havana-born Rep. Lincoln Diaz-Balart, R-Fla., a staunch sanctions
supporter, expects no immediate major changes in Cuba policy. He says an
"overwhelming consensus" supports maintaining sanctions against Cuba
until it meets democratic standards, including the release of political
prisoners.

All rights reserved. This copyrighted material may not be published,
broadcast or redistributed in any manner.

http://www.newsobserver.com/politics/story/652988.html

Cuba's Call for Economic Detente

Cuba's Call for Economic Detente
Raúl Castro Hits Capitalist Notes While Placating Hard-Line Party Loyalists

By Manuel Roig-Franzia
Washington Post Foreign Service
Friday, July 27, 2007; A14

CAMAGUEY, Cuba, July 26 -- As one of history's longest-serving political
understudies, Raúl Castro often struggled to persuade his all-powerful
brother Fidel Castro to open Cuba's moribund economy to more foreign
investment.

But Thursday, with Fidel Castro still hidden from public view after
intestinal surgery last July and his prospects of returning to power
uncertain, the younger brother asserted his desire to push Cuba in a new
direction. Speaking at a ceremony commemorating the start of the 54th
anniversary of the Cuban revolution, Raúl Castro declared that Cuba is
considering opening itself further to foreign investment, allowing
business partners to provide this financially strapped nation with
"capital, technology or markets."

The younger Castro's remarks, coupled with his unusual admission that
the Cuban government needs to pay its vast cadres of state-employed
workers more to cover basic needs, amounted to the clearest indication
yet of how he might lead this island nation. Castro, who was named
interim president last July 31, vowed to partner only with "serious
entrepreneurs, upon well-defined legal bases."

Wearing his trademark tinted eyeglasses and military uniform, Castro,
76, struck distinctly capitalist notes before tens of thousands of
flag-waving Communist Party loyalists in this central Cuban city, set
amid cattle ranches 350 miles east of Havana. But he also was careful to
appeal to hard-line party leaders, saying that any new business deals
must "preserve the role of the state and the predominance of socialist
property" and that the government would be "careful not to repeat the
mistakes of the past, [which] owed to naivete or our ignorance about
these partnerships."

"These statements seem to be innovative, to be carrying them toward new
initiatives," Wayne Smith, an analyst at the Center for International
Policy and a former chief of the U.S. Interests Section in Havana, said
in an interview from his Washington office. "The Cuban people, who have
been waiting for some indication that there is going to be a change,
will really welcome this."

Fidel Castro's absence from the commemoration, an annual event honoring
the quixotic attack on the Moncada Barracks that launched Cuba's
revolution, added to the intrigue surrounding one of the singular
political figures of the 20th century. Thursday marked one year since
Castro's last public appearances, during speeches commemorating the
Cuban revolution, in Bayamo and Holguin.

At the time, "we could hardly expect what a hard blow was awaiting us,"
Raúl Castro said in the opening line of his address.

Five days after Fidel Castro's speeches last July 26, the Cuban
government made the startling announcement that he had undergone
emergency surgery and was relinquishing power, for the first time, to
his brother.

In recent months, Fidel Castro, who turns 81 next month, has seemed more
active, receiving foreign dignitaries and writing more than two dozen
sharply worded editorials. He has appeared weak and frail in several
recorded television segments, though his supporters, most notably
Venezuelan President Hugo Chávez, have insisted for months that he is
improving.

Raúl Castro, who made a low-key entrance Thursday while the audience was
distracted by a dance troupe, acknowledged that "these have truly been
very difficult months." But there has been "a diametrically different
impact to that expected by our enemies, who were wishing for chaos to
entrench and for Cuban socialism to collapse," he said.

The crowd formed a sea of red as participants streamed away from the
event in Camaguey's Plaza de la Revolucion Agramonte, many chanting
"Viva Fidel."

"It would have been great to see him today," Angel Morel, 56, a Camaguey
dairy manager, said after the speech. "But the commander in chief is
sick, and he needs time to recover."

Although Cubans seem to have accepted Raúl Castro's legitimacy, his
brother's absence has been unsettling to many, who had grown accustomed
to his four-hour speeches and impromptu neighborhood visits.

It is almost certain that Fidel Castro continues to wield great
influence, but it is equally clear that Cubans are preparing themselves
emotionally for life without him. In some respects, this past year has
unspooled like a dry run for the post-Fidel era and for his certain
evolution into a historic symbol, a la Ernesto "Che" Guevara, the
revolutionary figure whose legend has grown dramatically in the decades
since his death.

"Che is more active now than he ever was," renowned Cuban poet Pablo
Armando Fernández said in an interview. "Fidel will always live in the
minds of Cubans. He is electric -- like a messiah."

Fidel Castro is widely considered to have been an impediment to efforts
by his brother and other political figures to bring more businesses to
Cuba, where hundreds of miles of spectacular coastline are a developer's
dream. Cuba's economy finally opened in the 1990s, after the economic
crisis provoked by the collapse of the Soviet Union, which had heavily
subsidized the brothers' rule. Faced with a starving populace that was
grilling banana peels and eating house cats to survive, Fidel Castro
relented, allowing tourism businesses, which are administered by
generals under Raúl Castro's command.

The Spanish hotel giant Sol Melia built beach resorts and Havana hotels,
while other European and Canadian firms also established footholds.
Top-line Havana hotel rooms now go for $250 a night or more in a city
where workers are paid about $30 a month. U.S. companies are prohibited
from doing business in Cuba because of a four-decade-long embargo.

Foreign investment plateaued as Cuba's economy improved early this
century. Raúl Castro, friends say, was unable to persuade his brother to
further open the economy. But Thursday's remarks could signal that Raúl
Castro has consolidated power enough to continue advancing his agenda.
It is also likely that any investment would come from Cuban allies such
as Venezuela and China.

On Thursday, Raúl Castro even suggested that Cuba's sworn enemy, the
United States, might play a role in his new Cuba. He looked forward to
the 2008 U.S. presidential election and the end of what he called
President Bush's "erratic and dangerous administration."

"The new administration," he told the crowd, "will have to decide
whether it will maintain the absurd, illegal and failed policy against
Cuba or if it will accept the olive branch that we offered" in December.

Castro condemned the United States for using "corn, soy and other food
products" to produce fuel, saying prices for those food staples were
sure to rise. But he also leveled withering criticism at his countrymen
for "absurd inefficiencies" in food production that force Cuba to import
food and promised unspecified "structural changes."

When it came time to say goodbye, Raúl Castro, a plodding speaker with
none of his brother's rhetorical flourishes, returned to Cuba's one sure
applause line: "Long live the revolution! Long live Fidel!"

http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/07/26/AR2007072600893.html

Running Cuba split between two brothers

Running Cuba split between two brothers
RAUL CASTRO PRESIDES UNDER SHADOW OF FIDEL
By James C. McKinley Jr.
New York Times
Article Launched: 07/27/2007 01:29:48 AM PDT

CAMAGUEY, Cuba - For the first time, Raul Castro, the acting president,
gave the traditional revolutionary speech during Cuba's most important
national holiday Thursday, deepening the widespread feeling that his
brother Fidel has slipped into semi-retirement and is unlikely to return.

Yet Cuba continues to live in a kind of limbo, with neither brother
fully in control of the one-party socialist state.

Last year, Fidel Castro, the once all-powerful leader, led thousands of
Cuba's Communist Party faithful in enthusiastic cheers to celebrate the
guerrilla attacks on army barracks that sparked his revolution a half
century ago. It was the last time he was seen in public.

That night, after two long speeches, the gaunt 80-year-old leader
suffered an acute infection and bleeding in his colon from which he has
yet to recover. Five days later, he handed over power to his brother and
a small group of Cabinet officials on a temporary basis.

Since then, Cubans have lived under two masters - the elder Castro,
ailing but still very much alive, and his younger brother, the longtime
defense minister, who is not free to make significant changes.

"The question is why hasn't there been more dramatic changes," said
Manuel Cuesta Morua, a moderate opposition leader. "The answer is Fidel
Castro continues to govern."

Since the Communist Party has not officially replaced Fidel Castro as
the head of state, his presence in the wings and his
Advertisement
towering history here continue to exert a strong influence in Cuban
politics. That has made it difficult for Raul to shake up the island's
centralized Soviet-style economy, experts on Cuban politics said, though
Raul's public remarks Thursday made it clear he would like to.

He scolded the nation for having to import food when it possesses an
abundance of rich land and vowed to boost agricultural production. He
also said Cuba was seeking ways to secure more foreign investment in
industries, without abandoning socialism.

"No one, no individual or country, can afford to spend more than what
they have," he said. "It seems elementary, but we do not always think
and act in accordance with this inescapable reality. To have more, we
have to begin producing more."

Castro spoke before a subdued crowd of about 100,000 people, most
dressed in red T-shirts and waving tiny Cuban flags. The celebration is
Cuba's most important national holiday, commemorating the July 26, 1953,
attack by both Castros and a ragtag group of guerrillas on the Moncada
army barracks in the eastern city of Santiago. The attack ended in
disaster but marked the birth of the rebellion that eventually ousted
Fulgencio Batista in January 1959.

Raul Castro's hourlong speech was studded with references to his
charismatic brother's sayings. He ended the talk with one of Fidel
Castro's famous quotes about the nature of a socialist revolution, a
passage the crowd mumbled along with him, like a prayer.

http://www.mercurynews.com/ci_6476880?source=rss

Cuba's interim leader says he will seek foreign investment

Posted on Thu, Jul. 26, 2007

Cuba's interim leader says he will seek foreign investment
By MANUEL ROIG-FRANZIA
The Washington Post

CAMAGUEY, Cuba | Interim President Raul Castro announced Thursday that
his government would seek to open Cuba to more foreign investment, the
clearest indication yet of his plans for ruling the nation.

Castro's ailing brother, Fidel Castro, did not appear at an event
commemorating the opening shots of the Cuban Revolution in 1953, raising
more questions about the state of his health.

But his name was invoked repeatedly, both by his younger brother and by
tens of thousands who gathered in Camaguey, a central Cuban city,
chanting "Viva Fidel" and waving small Cuban flags.

Thursday was the first anniversary of Fidel Castro's last public
appearances. He spoke last year in the cities of Bayamo and Holguin to
commemorate his raid on the Moncada Barracks 54 years ago.

Raul Castro said Thursday that his government was studying ways to
increase foreign investment without "repeating the mistakes of the
past," a reference to the oft-heard complaint that U.S. and other
foreign companies dominated Cuba before the 1959 victory of Castro's forces.

Castro said that business alliances would be sought with "serious
entrepreneurs, upon well-defined legal bases which preserve the role of
the state and the predominance of socialist property." Cuba, he said,
wants investment "of the kind that can provide us with capital,
technology or markets."

Five days after Fidel Castro's last public appearance, he underwent the
first of several surgeries, temporarily relinquished power and
disappeared from public view.

In last year's speeches, "we could hardly even suspect what a hard blow
was awaiting us," Raul Castro said in the opening line of his one-hour
speech Thursday.

The younger Castro gave no specifics about his brother's condition but
said that "he is taking on more and more intense and highly valuable
activities, as evidenced by his reflections, which are published in the
press."

In recent months, Fidel Castro has written more than two dozen
editorials for the Communist Party newspapers, Granma and Juventud
Rebelde. In those pieces, he mocked President Bush's European visit,
saying that the "tyrant visited Tirana," and he railed about using corn
for ethanol rather than food.


http://www.kansascity.com/news/world/story/207227.html

Life without Castro

July 29, 2007

Life without Castro
A year later, Cubans are still getting used to the diminished role
played by their leader
By Anita Snow
Associated Press

HAVANA -- When Fidel Castro last appeared in public one year ago, he
enthusiastically led about 100,000 Communist Party faithful in
celebrating the audacious attack on an army barracks that launched his
revolution.

These days, the convalescing 80-year-old seems to be in vigilant
semiretirement.
He tracks government affairs and writes essays from an undisclosed
location, apparently in no rush to resume the hectic lifestyle he blamed
for his ailment.
With island life largely unaltered under a caretaker government led by
his younger brother Raul, there seems little reason for Fidel to put on
his olive green uniform again and rail against the American "empire."
That frustrates ardent supporters, as well as his antagonists in
Washington and Miami, who had hoped for rapid change in Cuba.
"There were a lot of expectations for change," said Cuba analyst Phil
Peters of the pro-democracy Lexington Institute think tank. "But in
Cuba, there have been no signs of any tensions inside the system, no
unrest on the streets, no changes in politics or the economy."
Dissident Manuel Cuesta Morua said, "It has been a year of the greatest
political calm" since Fidel Castro stepped aside July 31, 2006. But the
country's future remains clouded as long as the Castro brothers' future
roles remain undefined.
"We are waiting for the definitive transfer of power to Raul Castro so
his actions can be measured," said Cuesta Morua, who like many Cubans
thinks the younger brother is more likely to undertake modest reforms in
the centralized economy.
In the past, Raul Castro had expressed interest in China's model of a
state-dominated market economy with one-party political control. And he
backed foreign investment and limited private enterprise, which saved
Cuba's economy in the 1990s after the Soviet bloc collapsed.
Senior officials stopped insisting months ago that Fidel Castro will
return to power. But unless he dies or relinquishes total control, no
major changes are expected.
"This year may mark the end of Fidel Castro's domination of Cuba, but
significant, positive political change is unlikely immediately," Thomas
Fingar, the U.S. deputy director of National Intelligence, told the
House of Representatives' Armed Services Committee this month.
"Although Raul Castro has solidified his own position as successor, it
is too soon to tell what policy course he will take once Fidel has left
the scene."
Loyalists now seem to accept the probability the man they know as
"Comandante en Jefe" might never be seen publicly again. He is believed
to suffer from diverticular disease, which causes inflammation and
bleeding of the colon, and has acknowledged that at least one of his
several surgeries went badly.
Over the past year, Cuban authorities have issued photos and videos that
at first showed him looking gaunt and later more robust. The most recent
images were released in early June.
But Castro has warned not to expect such images frequently.
"I don't have time now for films and photos that require me to
constantly cut my hair, beard and mustache, and get spruced up every
day," Castro grumbled in one of his essays, which are entitled
"Reflections of the Commander in Chief."
Castro also has retained the presidency of Cuba's Council of State, the
nation's executive body. Like other top leaders, he is also a National
Assembly deputy, his only post won through direct elections.
To remain council president, Castro must be re-elected as a deputy and
be voted into the top post by the assembly. The next elections for
deputies are not scheduled but are expected after municipal elections in
October. Castro has not said whether he will run.


http://www.indystar.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070729/NATIONWORLD/707290408/-1/LOCAL17

Cuba's Athlete-Refugees

Cuba's Athlete-Refugees
The Pan American Games in Rio marked by Cuban runaways
Alan Mota
Published 2007-07-29 16:25 (KST)

As a known power in sports, Cuba has traditionally been at the higher
places of any medal board in Olympic or Pan American games. Their
prowess in sports with lots of medals in stake, such as boxing,
athletics (track and field) and gymnastics have provided sports history
with many legends from the small communist island. No wonder Cuba's
leader, Fidel Castro, has the Pan American games of Rio de Janeiro as
his favorite events of the moment, as he declared recently. In this
edition, particularly, he has a lot to celebrate, with Cuba maintaining
its reputation by winning over 40 gold medals, with Brazil in a close
third place.

But there's another aspect to the current edition of the games that
Fidel certainly doesn't like, and that ended up marking the games
because of its frequency: The number of "athlete-refugees" that saw the
competition in the Brazilian tourism capital as a chance to take a shot
at financial and political independence from the motherland, running
away from their quarters for a job overseas, preferably in Europe. The
escaping of Cuban athletes is not new, but in Rio it happened with such
an intensity and with such important athletes that it brought the issue
back to headlines and to Fidel's concern.

This year, it all started with Dacosta Capote, left winger of Cuba's
handball team, who fled his apartment at Vila Panamericana (Pan American
Village, where the athletes are lodged during the games) and paid R$600
(approx. US$290) for a taxi ride to Sao Caetano, in the state of Sao
Paulo, where he planned to get a place in a local handball team. But the
team happened to already have the maximum number of foreigners in its
roster, yet the jobless Cuban decided to stay and request Brazilian
authorities to be considered a political exile.

The event had great repercussion in local media and especially in the
Cuban delegation. Athletes from other sports refused to make any
comment, while Cuba's handball coach Carlos Galindo minimized the escape
and said the team was more united by the desertion, even though Capote
is still considered a traitor. The wounded seemed to have started to
heal when the following desertions came in. First, the gymnastics coach
Lazaro Lamelas and then the most devastating losses so far: Guillermo
Rigondeaux, two-time Olympic boxing champion up to 54kg and Erislandy
Lara, world boxing champion up to 69kg, both considered sure gold
medalists for Cuba at this year's games.

As the Cuban delegation remains perplexed and the athlete-refugees ask
for exile in Brazil (if they will remain in the country is a mystery),
sports fan ask: Why do they run away and where do they go?

Fidel Castro seems to know the answer. In a recent message for
international journalists, the Cuabn leader blamed (not surprisingly)
the U.S. for the desertion of the athletes, and mentioned that Germany
houses a boxing mafia that seduces Cubans with "refined psychological
methods and millions of dollars." He also lightly criticized Brazil
between the lines, mentioning that the presence of the athletes in the
country was a problem and that he didn't expect the country to concede
the sought after exile to the runaways.

Right or not, the leader has some recent experience on the issue. Last
year, three of the top Cuban boxers had already fled during a
competition in Venezuela, later to be found fighting professionally in
Hamburg, Germany. Not to mention the record-setting mark of the Winnipeg
Pan American Games, in 1999, where 19 members of the delegation ran away.

The "traitors," as Fidel referred to them, do have a good reason to run
away from the country, though. The prohibition to compete professionally
and live in other countries leaves a gap between these men and women,
often the best in the whole world at what they do, and not so good
athletes from other countries who live more comfortable lives, making
more money than the Cubans could even dream of in their own country. The
three boxer-refugees who ran away from Venezuela, for example, earn
thousands of euros in Germany and practice in state-of-the-art
facilities, while boxers who remained didn't have much more than their
medals in their houses.

Other athletes and coaches, even thought not notorious at their sports,
also escape for a good reason. An average volleyball or handball player
can earn a lot of money in the competitive leagues of Europe or North
America (notably the U.S. and Canada), while a coach such as the one who
fled during the Rio edition of the games is highly sought after by
countries which want to start a tradition in a certain sport, but don't
have the know-how to raise a new breed of world-class athletes.

The main question in the issue is: Who can really blame them? Unlike
politics or military issues, sports are not a matter of national
security, where the "desertion" of an important person could jeopardize
a country. Everywhere else in the world, athletes migrate from their
home countries to live and compete somewhere else, but are more than
glad to represent their native colors in international events, earning
victories for the homeland often for nothing more than sheer pride. Just
like some countries specialize in forming good athletes, others
specialize in providing these athletes with the best resources for them
to excel. And usually everybody wins.

After all, what would be of football stars such as Ronaldinho and Kaka,
for example, a if they didn't have the European leagues to serve as a
stage, and the teams to provide them with everything necessary for their
fitness needs? Maria Sharapova, the tennis wonder, was brought to her
current level by an American coach, Nick Bolletieri. Daiane dos Santos,
a Brazilian who holds the world championship for gymnastics, has a
Ukranian coach. It never hurt them to leave their own country (quite the
opposite, actually) and they never stopped defending their native country.

The bottom line is that an athlete, like anyone else, likes to be paid
what he deserves for his skills. And an athlete, like anyone else, likes
to have the freedom to live and work wherever he might want to. When the
Cuban government, for no apparent reason other than old-fashioned,
hard-headed ideology, impedes their top athletes of achieving both
things, the result could only be the one we see on the news. Those who
argument that it's ungrateful to abandon the country that formed them
seem to forget that the athlete got up to a certain level by his own
merits, more than anything else. And those who argument that Cuba needs
to retain its talents seem to forget that many athletes who get
international fund academies or non-profit projects in their homelands
aimed exactly at forming future generations of athletes, when they don't
become coaches themselves.

Not to mention the fact that by living and working abroad, athletes and
coaches can learn many things about the evolution of their respective
sports that they wouldn't learn otherwise, increasing the chances of
improvement back home.

Yet, Castro and his regime seem to like the old dictatorial strategy of
restraining the liberty of the ones they need the most. This infantile
tactics does nothing more than spur revolt in the competitors, who have
a glimpse of a more comfortable life every time they leave Cuba for an
event, only to come back to their inferior practice conditions and
salaries. Fidel might think the athletes are ungrateful, but the
government seems to be the most ungrateful of all, treating their
champions this way.

Under this view, the recent desertions become a billboard for other
athletes who think of the same but are still trapped in the Caribbean
island, and there's not much the government can do about it, expect
watch their champions excel without getting any advantage from it.
©2007

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