Why American academics are building ties with Cuba

Why American academics are building ties with Cuba
August 17, 2015 10.44am BST
Author: Gerardo M Gonzalez
Dean of Education Emeritus and Professor of Educational Leadership and
Policy Studies at Indiana University, Bloomington

Disclosure statement

Gerardo M Gonzalez does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive
funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this
article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond the academic
appointment above.

The thawing of diplomatic relations between the United States and Cuba
will be good for people on the island and in America – and that includes
students and academics.

American universities, such as Indiana University, where I serve as dean
emeritus and professor of educational leadership and policy studies in
the School of Education, are increasingly seeking linkages with Cubans
and Cuban educational institutions. The Institute for International
Education Open Doors Data show that in 2010-2011 there were 375 US
students studying in Cuba. By 2012-2013, the most recent year reported,
that number had grown more than fourfold to 1,633.

A history of success

Indiana University has a long history of engagement with developing
nations including Vietnam, Macedonia, Angola, Kyrqyzstan, Indonesia,
South Sudan and many others.

Before the opening of China, for example, Indiana University established
a partnership with Zhejiang University . Today, Zhejiang is one of
China's top 10 universities and routinely sends undergraduate and
graduate students to study on our Bloomington campus. Each summer we
offer a select group of undergraduate students the opportunity to spend
a month learning about American culture and heritage while considering
their prospects for graduate study. This experience has taught us that
such partnerships are an effective way to dispel misconceptions and
establish longtime, mutually beneficial partnerships.

Indiana University is one of 12 American universities selected to
participate in the Institute for International Education Cuba Higher
Education Initiative to promote linkages with Cuba. Two other Big-Ten
institutions selected are Rutgers University and the University of
Nebraska-Lincoln. The goal of the program is for each participating
university to develop a strategic plan for engagement with Cuban
colleges and universities. The target date for completing the plans is
December 2015.

We will take a study tour to the island in early fall to learn about the
system of higher education in Cuba, identify potential partners and
begin to form relationships with Cuban counterparts. Then Indiana
University hopes to start working together on research, study-abroad
opportunities, student exchanges and other forms of collaboration.

The road won't be easy.

Cuba's centralized system of governance presents considerable
bureaucratic hurdles. Ideological differences between the two systems
will require respect for differences and high levels of cultural
sensitivity. American universities have had a long tradition of academic
freedom and self-governance. In Cuba, academic partnerships and research
must be centrally approved.

The obstacles are not insurmountable, however. Already there are signs
that improved relations between the US and Cuba are accelerating social
and economic reforms that would have been unthinkable just a few years ago.

A homecoming

In May 2012 I was invited to lead a group of Indiana University alumni
to Cuba as part of a people-to-people cultural exchange tour of the island.

It was my first trip to Cuba since 50 years earlier, when my parents
made the decision to leave everything behind to give my younger sister
and me a chance for a better life than the Castro revolution promised. I
was 11 years old.

We arrived in the United States with the clothes we wore, US$5, and two
bottles of Cuban rum. My father promptly sold the rum to get a little
extra cash.

America embraced us. We were given asylum, government assistance to get
on our feet and the opportunity to pursue our dreams in freedom.

I was apprehensive about going back to my birthplace for the first time.
I still vividly recalled how, 50 years earlier, the Communist government
had called us and others leaving Cuba gusanos, or worms.

A surprising openness

But the Cuban people I met were warm and welcoming. One of the first
things I noticed was that everyone with whom I spoke either wanted to
leave or wanted change. Many common people also were willing to speak
out on the system's flaws and call for a better way of doing things.
Such openness was not what I expected to find in Cuba.

In a 1961 speech to intellectuals, Fidel Castro famously said "Within
the revolution, everything goes; against the revolution, nothing."

During a second visit, in 2013, I attended a lecture from an economics
professor from the University of Havana who spoke about the new
liberalization of economic and social policies. When I asked the speaker
whether he saw any contradiction between Fidel's dictum and the current
privatization policies, he didn't have a good answer.

He just shrugged his shoulders and said, "Ya veremos – we'll see."

What we are seeing is that privatization is gaining ground.

One small businessman

During my first trip, in 2012, I met a cuentapropista. This entrepreneur
had started a business selling rum mixed with guarapo, the sweet juice
produced when sugarcane is squeezed through a grinder, to tourists
outside the Ernest Hemingway House Museum in the outskirts of Havana.
Although we did not talk politics, it was obvious that he enjoyed
talking with a fellow Cuban from America. He offered me a free drink.

I went to see him again in 2013 and he excitedly told me about his plans
to expand his spiked guarapo business to a location outside El Morro,
the iconic Spanish fort that dots the entrance to the port of Havana.

At Indiana University, among other things, we'd like to explore having
students in our entrepreneurship program work with Cuban cuentapropistas
to develop business plans. If that happens, Cuban entrepreneurs like my
guarapo-selling friend would benefit, our students would gain real-world
experience, and together we would be helping to pave the way for
economic and social changes needed in Cuba.

That's why the raising of the Stars and Stripes at the American Embassy
in Havana will be good for the people of Cuba and for Americans.

Source: Why American academics are building ties with Cuba -
http://theconversation.com/why-american-academics-are-building-ties-with-cuba-45996